28BYJ-48 5V Stepper Motor: 28BYJ-48 Datasheet, Pinout, Wiring

The 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motors are one of the most popular stepper motors on the market. These or similar motors can be found in DVD drives, motion cameras, and a variety of other devices. The motor has a four-coil unipolar configuration with each coil rated at +5  V, making it simple to control with any basic microcontroller.

• Rated Voltage: 5  VDC

• Number of Phases: 4 

• Stride Angle: 5,  625℃/64

• Pull-in torque: 300 gf.cm

• Insulated Power: 600  VAC/1mA/1s

• Coil: Unipolar 5  lead coil

• CNC machines

• Precise control machines

• Security cameras

• DVD Players

• Car side mirror tilt

These motors are widely found in DVD players, motion cameras, and other similar devices. The motor has a four-coil unipolar configuration with each coil rated at +5  V, making it simple to control with any basic microcontroller. These motors have a stride angle of 5.625°/64, which implies that it will take the motor 64 steps to complete one spin, and each step will span 5.625°, implying a high level of control. These motors, however, only run on 5V and so cannot generate high torque; for high torque applications, the Nema17  motors should be considered.

These stepper motors draw a lot of currents, hence a driver IC like the  ULN2003  is required. We should look at the coil diagram below to see how to make this motor rotate.

28-BYJ48 Diagram

As can be seen, the motor has four coils, one of which is connected to +5V (Red) while the others (Orange, Pink, Yellow, and Blue  ) are taken out like wires. A steady +5V supply is delivered to the Red wire, and this +5V will only be across (energize) the coil if the other end of the coil is grounded. Only when the coils are energized (grounded) in a logical order can a stepper motor operate.

A microcontroller or a digital circuit can be used to program this logical sequence. The table below shows the order in which each coil should be triggered. The coil is retained at +5V in this case, and because both ends of the coil are at +5V (red and other ends), the coil will not be energized. Similarly, "0" indicates that the coil is grounded; now one end will be +5V and the other will be grounded, indicating that the coil is energized.

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MikroElektronika is a renowned producer of a wide range of development tools and compilers for various microcontroller families.  MikroElektronika  designs and manufactures complete solutions for PIC, dsPIC30/33, PIC24, PIC32,  AVR , 8051,  PSoC , as well as Tiva and  STM32   ARM Cortex-M  microcontrollers.