Since the IC comes with an internal clock we do not need many components to make it work. However to make the internal clockwork we have to use an RC circuit. The IC should be powered by +5V and both ground pins should be tied to circuit ground. To design the RC circuit simply use a resistor of value 10k and a capacitor of 100pf (approx) and connect them to CLK R and CLK IN pins as shown in the circuit below. The chip select (CS) and Read (R) pin should also be grounded. The Vref pin is left free because by default without any connection it will be connected to +5V.
The digital output will be obtained from the pins DB0 to DB7 and the analogue voltage should be connected to V in(+) pin as shown in the circuit. Also, note that another end of the voltage source (sensor/module) should also be grounded to the circuit for the ADC conversion to work. Now, for the ADC Conversion to start, we have o make the Write(WR) pin go high momentary this can be done by connecting the pin to the I/O of MPU and toggling it high before every ADC read. Only if this is done the ADC value on the output side will be updated.

How to use ADC0804
In the above circuit, I have used a potentiometer to feed in a variable voltage of 0V to 5V to the Vin pin and the present Voltage is read using a voltmeter. As you can see in the image the voltage value is 1.55V and the resulting binary value is 01001111. Let us see how this binary value can be converted to an Analog value since we will need it while programming/designing.
Binary Value = 01001111
Converting to Decimal = (0*128)+(1*64)+(0*32)+(0*16)+(1*8)+(1*4)+(1*2)+(1*1)
= 79
Analog Voltage = Decimal Value * Step size
= 79 * 19.53mV
= 1.54V
The obtained value is 1.54V and the measured voltage is 1.55V which are very much close. So this is how you use an ADC0804 IC.