The Atmel microcontroller can be programmed using a variety of software available on the market. The most popular platforms are Arduino and Keil uVision, to mention a few. Keil is recommended if you want to do serious programming and expand with community help.
To program the Atmel microcontroller, we'll need an IDE (Integrated Development Environment), which acts as a programming environment. A compiler converts our software into HEX files, which can be read by MCUs. Our hex file is dumped into our MCUs using an IPE (Integrated Programming Environment).
Keil uVision IDE is an integrated development environment.
MAX232 with RS232 to USB converter as programming hardware
USBASP is a programmer.
A programmer is required to dump or upload our code into an Atmel IC; the most often used programmer is the USBASP, which must be purchased separately. Simulating your program in software before attempting it on hardware will also save you time. As a result, you can simulate your applications using software such as Labcenter's ISIS proteus.

AT89C52-Programming the Flash Memory

AT89C52-Verifying the Flash Memory

AT89C52-Flash Programming and Verification Waveforms - High-voltage Mode (VPP=12V)

AT89C52 Programming and Verification Waveforms - Low-voltage Mode (VPP=5V)